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Transmission and Distribution

Contents --------------->>> Principles of Power Generation <<<--------------- Thermal or steam power station Thermal or Gas turbine Hydraulic power station Nuclear station Wind and Solar energy --------------->>> Transmission Lines <<<--------------- Line parameters Complex power and balanced load Per unit system Voltage/current relation in short, medium and long lines Parallel network and circle diagrams Wave propagation Traveling wave interpretation, reflections and over voltage transient analysis --------------->>> Substations <<<--------------- Planning and layout of substation Distributed system transformers Three-phase distribution transformer Receiving end cantilever Single and three phase load connections --------------->>> Capacitors in Distribution System <<<--------------- Types of power capacitor bank Power factor correction Capacitor in voltage regulation Economic justification Optimum location of capacitor bank and harmonics in distribution systems --------------->>> Protection <<<--------------- Protection devices for generator, transformer and lines Types of relays and circuit breakers Importance of protection system Coordination of protection devices Determination of fault currents in power system Bush fire protection --------------->>> Under Ground Cables <<<--------------- Types of cables Insulation parameters Power losses Effect of temperature Grading and intersheet grading --------------->>> Distributors <<<--------------- DC system Distributor fed at one end and at both ends Uniformly loaded distributor Stepped or tapered distributors AC system Single and three phase three and four wire systems Ring distributors --------------->>> Towers <<<--------------- Mechanical design Tower and line parameters and dimensions Formulas Effect of ice and wind pressure Reliability Compensated inductive line Method of increasing the power capacity --------------->>> Insulations <<<--------------- Types and materials of insulators Importance of insulators String unit, rings and static shielding

High Voltage Power

Contents --------------->>> High Tension and Substance <<<--------------- System voltages HV phenomena Ionization and breakdown of gases Photo ionization, electron and thermoionic emission Ionization coefficients Spark phenomena --------------->>> Electric Fields in Power System <<<--------------- Underground cables and transmission line phenomena Corona discharge and loss Environmental effects of overhead HV lines Surge performance Breakdown voltage of insulators Breakdown in solid and liquid dielectric Lightning phenomena Insulation coordination Earthen principles --------------->>> Relays and Feeder Protection <<<--------------- Characteristics of static relays Classification and basic components Comparators and apparatus of protection Auto-reclosing (single and three phases) Testing and maintenance of switchgear Electric arc and arc column --------------->>> Circuit Breakers <<<--------------- Theory of circuit interruption Interruption of DC arcs Circuit contents, theory and practice of conventional circuit breakers Advances and tests

Computer Application in Power

Contents --------------->>> Network Calculations <<<--------------- Node equations and node elimination Bus admittance and impedance matrices --------------->>> Faults in Power System <<<--------------- Symmetrical components Three phase and unbalanced faults Symmetrical and unsymmetrical faults (line to line, line to ground & double line) Computer program for bus voltage, current flow and power at fault --------------->>> Load-Flow Studies <<<--------------- Model of power network Concept of power system steady-state operation, load and power flow Gauss-Seidel and Newton-Raphson algorithms Computation and power network design --------------->>> Power System Stability <<<--------------- Stability problem and swing equation Equal area criteria and step-by-step method Multi-system stability and computer program for transient stability Direct and simplified method of Lyapunov stability Time clearing fault and energy characteristics Lyapunov gradient method Catastroph theory and application --------------->>> Power System Control <<<--------------- Control centres and SCADA Computer system and on-line control Security, voltage and frequency control